Ayush Verma

Water plays a crucial role in supporting life on our planet. The primary aim of our research is to evaluate the water quality of the Gomti River & groundwater sources specifically located in the city of Lucknow. The Gomti River holds immense significance within the region, originating from Fulhaar Jheel in the Pilibhit district of Uttar Pradesh. It meanders across a distance of approximately 900 kilometers, traversing the state before eventually converging with the Ganges River in Ghazipur, particularly in the Saidpur area. Along its course, the Gomti River passes through several urban centers, with Sultanpur, Lucknow, and Jaunpur being among the most prominent. In total, there are 15 cities located within the river's catchment area. Initially, groundwater was deemed a reliable source for drinking, but with the passage of time, it has faced contamination stemming from the release of untreated industrial waste and other human actions. This contamination of water has emerged as a significant factor in the proliferation of various illnesses, including hepatitis, jaundice, typhoid, dysentery, and diarrhea. In the city of Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh, both surface water and groundwater serve as sources of drinking water. The purpose of study was to evaluate the current quality of groundwater and River water in Lucknow. Three stations were selected within the city to collect groundwater and surface water samples, which underwent a thorough physico-chemical and biochemical analysis. Parameters such as temperature, pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride, fluoride, total hardness, alkalinity, nitrate, phosphate, sulphate, Bod, Cod, E Coli & T Coli were measured using standard methods. The findings were compared with the IS drinking water standard 10500:2012, and it was observed that some parameters for ground water determination at all sampling stations were above & some were within the acceptable limits. However, some parameters like TDS, total hardness, alkalinity& chloride exceeded the standard limits at certain stations. Whereas T Coli & E Coli was found in slight increases at both the stations. This highlights the importance of monitoring and managing water quality to ensure a safe and healthy water supply for the residents of Lucknow Our findings indicate that a majority of the physicochemical parameters of the Gomti River's water quality exceed the permissible limits set forth by BIS. Nevertheless, certain aspects, such as pH, turbidity, and electrical conductivity, were observed to fall within the recommended guidelines established by these international and national organizations.